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Beam B/Sh/K
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Steel I-Beam is a shaped rolled product with an H-shaped cross-section, consisting of two flanges and a connecting web. There are three main types: normal (N), wide-flange (W), and column (K). It is a key element in building structures due to its high load-bearing capacity.
Production Technology
The manufacturing process includes the following stages:
1. Billet Preparation: Steel ingot or billet is heated in continuous furnaces to 1150-1250°C.
2. Hot Rolling: Rolling through stands of a universal mill to form an I-beam profile.
3. Calibration: Final forming in finishing stands.
4. Cutting by Flying Shears: Division into measured lengths.
5. Straightening on Horizontal Straightening Machines: Eliminating warping and bends.
6. Cooling and Control: Natural cooling and quality check.
Characteristics and Assortment
• Beam Types:
o N – normal (flange to web ratio ~1:2).
o W – wide-flange (flanges wider than type N).
o K – column (flanges and web approximately equal in width).
• Profile Height: from 100 to 1000 mm.
• Flange Width: from 55 to 400 mm.
• Mass per 1 meter: from 9.46 to 6170 kg.
• Length: 6-24 meters (measured, non-measured, multiple).
• Steel Grades: St3sp, 09G2S, 345, 390, 440.
Advantages
• Optimal Material Distribution relative to the main axes of inertia.
• High Bending Rigidity in two planes.
• Resistance to longitudinal and transverse loads.
• Installation Processability and connection.
• Metal Savings up to 30% compared to other profiles.
• Versatile Application.
Areas of Application
• Industrial Construction: workshop, hangar, warehouse frames.
• Civil Construction: floors of multi-story buildings, girders.
• Bridge Construction: bridge superstructures, overpasses.
• Mining: support structures.
• Mechanical Engineering: press frames, crane frames, heavy equipment.
• Support Structures: power line masts, crane runways.
Normative Documentation (GOST Standards)
Main standards regulating the production of steel I-beams:
GOST 26020-83 – "Hot-rolled steel I-beams with parallel flange faces. Assortment"
• Defines the assortment of beams types N, W, K.
• Establishes technical requirements.
• Regulates limit deviations for dimensions.
GOST 535-2005 – "Rolled steel products, long and shaped, made of ordinary quality carbon steel"
• Establishes general quality requirements.
• Defines mechanical properties.
• Regulates steel grades.
Additional Normative Documents:
• GOST 19281-2014 – Rolled products made of high-strength steel.
• GOST 27772-2015 – Steels for building metal structures.
• STO ASChM 20-2016 – Beams for bridge construction.
Quality Requirements:
• Geometry: adherence to straightness and parallelism of flanges.
• Surface: absence of cracks, cavities, laps.
• Mechanical Properties: compliance with standard requirements.
• Internal Defects: absence of delaminations, flakes.
Production Technology
The manufacturing process includes the following stages:
1. Billet Preparation: Steel ingot or billet is heated in continuous furnaces to 1150-1250°C.
2. Hot Rolling: Rolling through stands of a universal mill to form an I-beam profile.
3. Calibration: Final forming in finishing stands.
4. Cutting by Flying Shears: Division into measured lengths.
5. Straightening on Horizontal Straightening Machines: Eliminating warping and bends.
6. Cooling and Control: Natural cooling and quality check.
Characteristics and Assortment
• Beam Types:
o N – normal (flange to web ratio ~1:2).
o W – wide-flange (flanges wider than type N).
o K – column (flanges and web approximately equal in width).
• Profile Height: from 100 to 1000 mm.
• Flange Width: from 55 to 400 mm.
• Mass per 1 meter: from 9.46 to 6170 kg.
• Length: 6-24 meters (measured, non-measured, multiple).
• Steel Grades: St3sp, 09G2S, 345, 390, 440.
Advantages
• Optimal Material Distribution relative to the main axes of inertia.
• High Bending Rigidity in two planes.
• Resistance to longitudinal and transverse loads.
• Installation Processability and connection.
• Metal Savings up to 30% compared to other profiles.
• Versatile Application.
Areas of Application
• Industrial Construction: workshop, hangar, warehouse frames.
• Civil Construction: floors of multi-story buildings, girders.
• Bridge Construction: bridge superstructures, overpasses.
• Mining: support structures.
• Mechanical Engineering: press frames, crane frames, heavy equipment.
• Support Structures: power line masts, crane runways.
Normative Documentation (GOST Standards)
Main standards regulating the production of steel I-beams:
GOST 26020-83 – "Hot-rolled steel I-beams with parallel flange faces. Assortment"
• Defines the assortment of beams types N, W, K.
• Establishes technical requirements.
• Regulates limit deviations for dimensions.
GOST 535-2005 – "Rolled steel products, long and shaped, made of ordinary quality carbon steel"
• Establishes general quality requirements.
• Defines mechanical properties.
• Regulates steel grades.
Additional Normative Documents:
• GOST 19281-2014 – Rolled products made of high-strength steel.
• GOST 27772-2015 – Steels for building metal structures.
• STO ASChM 20-2016 – Beams for bridge construction.
Quality Requirements:
• Geometry: adherence to straightness and parallelism of flanges.
• Surface: absence of cracks, cavities, laps.
• Mechanical Properties: compliance with standard requirements.
• Internal Defects: absence of delaminations, flakes.
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