Galvanized Steel Sheet is a steel sheet with a protective zinc coating that provides increased corrosion resistance. Widely used in construction and industry due to durability and aesthetic appearance.
Production Technology

The manufacturing process includes the following stages:
1.    Base Preparation: Cold-rolled steel sheet is cleaned and degreased.
2.    Pickling: Removal of scale and oxides in acid solutions.
3.    Fluxing: Application of flux to improve zinc adhesion.
4.    Hot-Dip Galvanizing: Immersion in a bath of molten zinc at a temperature of 450-480°C.
5.    Cooling: Controlled cooling in air or water.
6.    Passivation: Treatment with chromate solutions for additional protection.
7.    Cutting and Forming: Cutting into sheets of required sizes.

Characteristics and Assortment
•    Sheet Thickness: from 0.4 to 3.0 mm.
•    Zinc Coating Thickness: 10-60 µm (classes 60-600 g/m²).
•    Width: from 1000 to 1500 mm.
•    Length: from 2000 to 6000 mm.
•    Steel Grades: 01-350, 220-350, 250-420, 280-420.
•    Coating Classes:
o    P (increased) - 570-855 g/m².
o    1 (first) - 258-570 g/m².
o    2 (second) - 142.5-258 g/m².

Advantages
•    High Corrosion Resistance 5-7 times higher than that of non-galvanized steel.
•    Durability – service life up to 25-50 years depending on conditions.
•    Aesthetic Appearance.
•    Resistance to atmospheric influences.
•    Easy Processing – cutting, bending, stamping.
•    Cost-Effectiveness during long-term operation.

Areas of Application
•    Construction: roofing materials, facade systems, drainage systems.
•    Automotive Industry: body parts, trim elements.
•    Household Appliances: washing machine, refrigerator housings.
•    Ventilation Systems: air ducts, boxes.
•    Container Production: cans, containers, packaging.
•    Agriculture: silos, granaries.

Normative Documentation (GOST Standards)
Main standards regulating the production of galvanized sheets:
GOST 14918-2020 – "Continuously hot-dip zinc-coated steel sheet and strip. Technical specifications"
•    Defines technical requirements for galvanized sheets.
•    Establishes coating classes and test methods.
•    Regulates acceptance and marking rules.
GOST 19904-2015 – "Cold-rolled steel sheet. Assortment"
•    Defines the assortment of the initial cold-rolled product.
•    Establishes limit deviations for dimensions.
GOST 30246-2022 – "Steel products with metallic coatings for construction"
•    Establishes requirements for steel products with coatings for construction purposes.
•    Defines methods for coating quality control.
Additional Normative Documents:
•    GOST 9045-93 – Cold-rolled thin steel sheet.
•    GOST 14918-80 – Galvanized thin steel sheet (outdated but used).
•    GOST 52246-2004 – Steel sheet for the automotive industry.
Quality Requirements:
•    Coating: uniform, without peeling or runs.
•    Surface: without cracks, delaminations, blisters.
•    Adhesion: strong bond with the base metal.
•    Coating Thickness: compliance with the stated class.