Steel Round Bar is a metal product of solid round cross-section, manufactured by hot, cold, or warm rolling, as well as forging. Widely used in mechanical engineering, construction, and other industries.
Production Technology

The manufacturing process includes several methods:
1.    Hot Rolling: Heating a billet to 1100-1250°C with subsequent rolling through a system of rolls.
2.    Calibration (Cold Drawing): Drawing through dies to obtain precise dimensions and surface quality.
3.    Forging: Pressure processing to obtain large diameters.
4.    Heat Treatment: Annealing, normalizing to improve mechanical properties.
5.    Straightening and Cutting: Correcting curvature and cutting to measured lengths.
6.    Quality Control: Checking geometry, mechanical properties, and metal structure.

Characteristics and Assortment
•    Diameter Range:
o    Hot-rolled: 5-270 mm.
o    Calibrated: 3-100 mm.
o    Forged: 100-400 mm.
•    Accuracy Classes:
o    High (A) – calibrated.
o    Ordinary (B) – hot-rolled.
•    Steel Grades: Carbon (St3, 45), alloyed (40Kh, 30KhGSA), stainless (12Kh18N10T).
•    Length: 2-12 meters (measured, multiple, non-measured).

Advantages
•    High Strength and reliability.
•    Good Machinability by cutting and pressure.
•    Versatile Application in various industries.
•    Wide Range of sizes and steel grades.
•    Stability of Mechanical Properties.
•    Availability and cost-effectiveness.

Areas of Application
•    Mechanical Engineering: shafts, axles, gears, fasteners.
•    Construction: structural elements, reinforcement.
•    Fastener Production: bolts, nuts, studs.
•    Automotive Industry: transmission components, suspension parts.
•    Machine Tool Production: blanks for machining.
•    Pipe Production and other metal products.

Normative Documentation (GOST Standards)
Main standards regulating the production of steel round bars:
GOST 2590-2006 – "Hot-rolled steel round bars. Assortment"
•    Defines the assortment of hot-rolled round bars.
•    Establishes limit deviations for diameter.
•    Regulates requirements for curvature and mass.
GOST 7417-75 – "Calibrated steel round bars. Assortment"
•    Establishes the assortment of calibrated round bars.
•    Defines rolling accuracy classes.
•    Regulates requirements for surface quality.
GOST 10702-78 – "Forged steel round bars. Assortment"
•    Defines the assortment of forged round bars.
•    Establishes technical requirements.
•    Regulates control methods.
Additional Normative Documents:
•    GOST 535-2005 – Rolled long products made of carbon steel.
•    GOST 4543-2016 – Rolled products made of alloy structural steel.
•    GOST 5632-2014 – Stainless steels.
Quality Requirements:
•    Surface: without cracks, seams, laps.
•    Chemical Composition: corresponds to the steel grade.
•    Mechanical Properties: meet standard requirements.